The nature of thermodynamics.
From the caloric theory to Clausius's entropy.
Equilibrium, walls, state variables and functions, and thermodynamic transformations.
Work, heat, internal energy, and the first law.
Application of the first law to ideal-gas transformations.
Understanding the direction of thermodynamic processes and the limits of heat engines through entropy.
From the fundamental equation to equations of state and equilibrium conditions.
Connecting heat, expansion, and compressibility to measurable properties and stability.
Thermodynamic potentials, experimental constraints, equilibrium, and available work.
Phase diagrams, instabilities, and the Van der Waals gas.
Study thermodynamic cycles, their efficiency, and the performance of refrigeration machines.
Describe thermal radiation and the properties of a black body.